The Brooklyn Museum of Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Brooklyn Museum of Art - Essay Example It appears that the dim adjusted against the purple shading attempts to communicate a kind of flat, yet extraordinary viewpoint on the real world. One of the most provocative thoughts with regards to this work is the portrayal of the artist’s inward sentiments. One thinks about that verse capacities to explain thoughts and sentiments that exposition can't catch. As far as this artwork, it’s clear that the shading symbolism can delineate parts of the human condition that different methods of articulation can't catch. While the idea of the individual artist’s emotions and special world point of view is noticeable in the main work watched, the subsequent work assists the thought of the enunciation of an individual’s communication with the world. III. no title, 1960. As saw in this work, two phantoms of most possibly human figures are delineated. Notwithstanding articulating parts of the human experience that maybe couldn’t be enunciated in other master ful mediums, this work of art grows the human view of the real world. In such matters, just survey this work capacities to make a feeling of feeling or feeling. Thusly the composition or craftsmen work extends the points of view on the real world, and features what is excellent in the human experience. The work of art itself appears to depend on fresh yet theoretical plan to outline a comparable mental state. The picture out of sight additionally gives off an impression of being merging away from plain sight, similarly as one may envision a tragically deceased memory or apparition of experience to do. While considering the visit to the Brooklyn Museum of Art from an all-encompassing point of view, it’s clear the experience was exceptionally edifying. I would suggest that others visit the historical center and have this experience as it... In this article, the writer makes some investigation of this exhibition hall experience. He shows us the works of art which were made when Hesse was at a youthful age, being just twenty-four years of age. While the works of art are anonymous, there are recognized through Roman Numerals. In such matters, the main artistic creation in the show that I invested energy analyzing was IV. The essayist depicts a few show-stoppers, share with his conclusion, desires to visit the exhibition hall. He comprehends this artistic creation is the association between facilitated comprehension of the possibility of the human through craftsmanship. It appears that this work has no shrouded message, yet works as a methods for articulating the artist’s mind-set. It appears that the dark adjusted against the purple shading attempts to communicate a kind of flat, yet one of a kind point of view on the real world. While considering the visit to the Brooklyn Museum of Art from an overall viewpoint, it’s clear the experience was exceptionally edifying. Hedefinitely suggest that others visit the gallery and have this experience as it presents various learning openings. Notwithstanding the Specters show, the historical center contains a wide assortment of contemporary and antiquated workmanship. For example, the old Egyptian relics were energizing to see basically for their age. In all the extensive idea of the exhibition hall concedes the guest an incredible point of view on culture and workmanship. Plentiful proof that the creator are dazzled and exceptionally glad to the gallery.

Papas Legacy free essay sample

Life is a valuable blessing; mine has been honored by my folks, relatives, and dear companions whose life model and impact have formed my qualities and enhanced my life. In any case, it is my maternal grandfather’s model and impact that is highest in my brain and heart. Three years prior my Grandpa, or â€Å"Papa† as we call him, started his long, distressing fight with malignant growth. My family and I were in every case truly near him and saw him basically ordinary, so it was extremely hard for us when we were educated that he had malignant growth. After he was analyzed, Papa and Nanny, my grandma, chose to move in with us and manufacture onto our home. Seeing him and investing energy with him consistently was magnificent, however as we perceived how the infection and its treatment attacked his body, the time we imparted to them got clashing. The days when he died were the absolute most testing days of my life. We will compose a custom paper test on Dads Legacy or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Dad was one of my preferred individuals. I could truly disclose to him anything. Genuinely and sincerely he was consistently there for me. I cherished, regarded, and appreciated him; he showed me so much life and how to live it. He was my saint. Since he was not one to brag about his achievements and accomplishments, I truly wasn’t mindful he was perceived as a legend by the Air Force. He was granted the Airman’s Medal, which is the most elevated award given by the Air Force for valor out of battle. The going with reference peruses: Airman First Class William A. Hand separated himself by courage including intentional danger of life at Titan II Missile Complex 373-4, Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas, on 9 August 1965. On that date, Airman Hand went into a zone where fire had caught 53 men, trying to safeguard any survivors. In spite of perceivability of short of what one foot in smoke and harmful exhaust and the threat of further blast and fire, Airman Hand endured i n his endeavors to look out survivors until it was demonstrated that there were none, indicating remarkable administration and a total dismissal for his own wellbeing while at the same time making these attempts†¦ This is an ideal representation of how Papa carried on with his life, doing everything he could to help others paying little mind to how it influenced him. Despite the fact that I didn't hear this story from him by and by, I took in numerous things from Papa’s activities at the Missile Complex. I presently take a gander at the 10,000 foot view more than I did before Papa kicked the bucket. In that heartbreaking mishap at the Missile Complex, the â€Å"big picture† could have influenced a lot more lives. His phenomenal demonstrations of benevolence have persuaded me to be everything I can be for myself just as others. I am currently increasingly discerning that all that I do in life influences others here and there. Notwithstanding the extreme person pict ure Papa got a kick out of the chance to depict to different grown-ups, with messes with it was a very surprising story. He became like a grandpa to each child he met, particularly the children who rode the exceptional needs transport he drove for the Cheney School District. To them, he was â€Å"Papa Bill† or â€Å"Mr. Bill† and he generally had a high-five for each understudy who jumped on and off his transport. Dad tuned in to them, he was touchy to their necessities, and approached them with deference. By his model with individuals all things considered, I discovered that a bit of caring goes far and it’s not what’s outwardly that matters; it’s what’s within that issues. Watching Papa work was an encounter. In any event, when he worked at home, he generally needed to ensure everything was sorted out, prepared, and done effectively without avoiding any means. While Papa was in the Air Force, there was nothing of the sort as a multi day, f orty-hour week. He buckled down until the activity was finished and invested wholeheartedly in each and every venture he embraced. Possibly Papa is the explanation I make progress toward flawlessness. Like him, I want to have a set arrangement for any errand in which I’m included and I need it to be done accurately without compromising. Papa’s hard working attitude trained me about tirelessness and offering 100% to each try so as to accomplish my objectives. In each activity he held, Papa was a cooperative person. From the get-go in my adolescence, he helped show me the estimation of collaboration and urged me to be simply as well as could be expected be and my partners. As a relative, understudy competitor, and worker, I endeavor to be a contributing individual from the group. Father instructed me that everyone is significant; in any event, when one individual exceeds expectations, it is the collaboration that empowers that individual to sparkle. I have likewise disco vered that the capacity to work with various gatherings of individuals is a benefit in each everyday issue. I miss Papa and feel his misfortune profoundly. Life is a valuable blessing; I never acknowledged how valuable it is or how rapidly it can end until Papa kicked the bucket. There isn't a day that passes by when I don’t consider him. I am so grateful he was my Grandfather and had such a functioning influence in my life. Some of the time I wish he was still here to offer me guidance, give me enthusiastic help, or just to give me an embrace and state â€Å"I love you.† I decide to respect him and myself by striving to accomplish my objectives, via sufficiently caring to be a cooperative person, and by having a philanthropic way to deal with life. That is Papa’s heritage.

I know youre bad at something

I know you’re bad at something The brass drops off, and suddenly youre alone with the rhythm section. All eyes are on you, as you lift your instrument to your mouth. This is improvisation: there is no script, no written notes just blank measures and symbols telling you what key youre supposed to be soloing in. Its your chance to play whatever you want! Maybe this sounds delightful to you. Freedom! A chance to be expressive and creative in front of lots of other people! For me, this sounds like: My Worst Nightmare! A chance to freak out and embarrass myself in front of lots of other people! I took improvised solos for seven years. I joined the middle school jazz band in sixth grade, and then continued with the high school version three years later. Nothing before or since has come close to terrifying me as much as those solos, as illustrated in the following table. Here, Fear Level is inversely proportional to The Number Of Seconds I Think I Have Before I Throw Up. Scary things Fear Level The dark 130 The angel statues from Doctor Who 160 Axe murderers 155 Improvised solos 938,324,129 That Creepy Guy staring at me from across the airport lounge while I write this 20* *Please. I could totally take him. My band teacher, Mr. L, assigned me my first solo in sixth grade. Just straight up told me that I was going to do it. I practiced hard at home and played it well when alone, but in class my hands shook and I pressed my mouthpiece so hard to my lips that they went numb and no notes came out. It was humiliating, and every time I was convinced that Mr. L would take my solo away from me. The big scary eighth grade boys in my section thought so, too;  they suggested naming the band The Band Of People Who Cant Play Solos in my honor. Mr. L never took that solo away from me. Three or four measures before the start of the solo, he would give me a smile and a nod. I would lift my instrument up. Blow. Nothing would come out. Panic. Shake. Get a few notes out. Fail. He would wave play on, like nothing happened, while I hid behind my music stand. Three years later, I was in high school, and the system was different. At the beginning of every piece, Mr. L would ask for volunteers for the improvised solo section. For reasons that are still not quite clear to me, I raised my hand almost every time. I knew that if I thought too hard about it, I wouldnt do it so I put myself on autopilot, and shot my hand in the air. On the occasions that I didnt, Mr. L would usually make eye contact with me, and I knew that I was soloing whether I wanted to or not. And boy, was it good for me. I soloed a lot. In class, in concerts at school, in public squares in Malta and in cathedrals in Prague. Id get that little smile and nod from Mr. L, put my trumpet to my mouth, do my thing until the rest of the band started playing again, and ride waves of adrenalin (the terror kind) for the rest of the song. It never got less terrifying, ever. I never got less nervous. My solos improved, but I was never super good. What improved was my willingness to solo: I became better at clearing my head, relaxing, and enjoying my time on stage at saying yes, this is terrifying, and therefore I am going to do it. Every little success felt tremendous (what? a note in the right key? YES!). Every time I inhaled and raised my hand to volunteer at the beginning of the piece, and heard the applause at the end of my solo, I emerged a tin ybit more confident. Here is something I have never regretted doing, ever: impulsively signing up for something because I find it scary or intimidating. At the beginning of freshman year, I joined Dance Troupe, because I liked dancing but the idea of dancing in front of other people practically made me wet my pants. The night of our first performance, I found myself standing on the stage in the dark, seconds before our song began and suddenly wondered what the heck I was doing there. Before I could have a full-blown nervous meltdown, the lights came on, the music started, and all thoughts of the audience disappeared. A few minutes later, I jogged off stage, heart pounding and a huge grin on my face. It was so much fun. Its much less humiliating to stick to things youre good at and, lets face it, people will go to pretty extreme lengths to avoid embarrassing themselves and you can achieve great things that way. It takes a whole new dimension of gut, though, to hold your head up high when doing something youre not good at, in front of other people: to keep on going purely because you enjoy it, and want to improve. So, do something that scares you. Prefrosh: this fall, sign up for one activity that youve always sort of secretly wanted to do but are scared of trying because a) think you might be bad at it or b) youve done it before and youre definitely bad at it or c) you think people would judge you for doing it. Dance. Try out for a sport. Audition for an a cappella group, or an improv comedy troupe. Pick up a new instrument. Get a friend to do it with you, if that makes you feel better. Heck, Ill do it with you. Oh, and that solo in sixth grade? The night of the concert, I rocked it.

Development Of Aging And It - 1851 Words

In the Philippines there’s a proverb about aging and it says â€Å"Kalabaw lang ang tumatanda† or in English â€Å"Only carabaos grow old.† Isn’t that music in our ears that only animals grow old? But unfortunately, aging is the inevitable and irreversible decline in organ function over time. Therefore, it is imperative for everyone and especially healthcare workers in different rest homes such as Kindly Residential Care Rest Home to be familiar with different common geriatric problems such as the decline in vision, hearing, taste and smell, mobility problems, and dementia. In this paper I will also discuss different support and organisational services that is accessible and also other service provisions. Changes in vision in older age is due to the stiffening of the lens making it difficult for elders to focus on closer subjects, the lens become denser as a result seeing in dark places very problematic, the number of nerve cells also decreases therefore impairing depth perception, and the eyes lubricate less hence makes the eyes dry. Having a well-lit rooms are a must, make sure to have bedside lamps and use nightlights in all hallways, stairways and bathroom. Remove clutter to avoid tripping, put everything in place like in a box, canister, or the storage room. Use contrasting colours in the kitchen for example slice dark coloured fruits or vegetables on a light coloured chopping board and vice versa to avoid accidents such as cuts. To make elderlies see and distinguish doors,Show MoreRelatedEssay on Development and Aging668 Words   |  3 Pagesfactors that are related to development and aging. First, I will talk about how getting older is not a time to sit out, and think life is over. Second, I will define primary and secondary aging. Third, I will talk about how a good healthy diet can help with many diseases in relation to development and old age. Lastly, I will talk about how technology will help many individuals to live a long and health life. Many times when people think of getting older and the aging process they tend to think ofRead MoreAdult Development and Aging3310 Words   |  14 PagesSue Piasecki Abstract The cyclic process of aging is impacted by our health and physical fitness. Each state of adulthood has its advantages and disadvantages concerning health and physical fitness. This paper covers each stage and the importance of mental and physical health and awareness. Public policy on aging is varied but generally is supportive and provides programs to assist aging adults health and welfare. Adult development varies in different cultures, and is impacted in severalRead MoreEffects of Aging on Cognitive Development898 Words   |  4 PagesEffects of Aging on Cognitive Development Daphney Walker PSYCH/640 May 5, 2014 Holly Berry Effects of Aging on Cognitive Development Aging is a natural process of life however, studies show that there are some age-related decline in cognitive development. As a person grows older some brain cell dies, shrink, or weaken and cause some decline in brain functions. Some cognitive processes include attention, working memory, long-term memory, perception, and executive control. The material willRead MoreChanges And Development Of The Aging Process1972 Words   |  8 PagesEpigenetic changes are currently recognized as part of the aging process and have been implicated in many age-related chronic diseases such as AD (1–3). The term epigenetics includes a variety of processes known to regulate gene expression in a stable and potentially reversible way, without altering the primary DNA sequence (4). Since epigenetics allow for the integration of long-lasting non-genetic inputs in the genome, research on age-related disorders have recently focused in epigenetic mechanismsRead MoreThe Myth And Its Impact On Developme nt And Aging1805 Words   |  8 Pages退éˆ  ÃªÅ¾ ªere have been different myths developed with regards to development and aging. The first myth relates to the brain. The myth that people only utilize 10 percent of their brain is an attractive spectacle among psychology scholars and academic aspirants. There have been numerous studies that speculate to the truth concerning the utility of brainpower. Most of the studies have concluded that 10 percent was the appropriate amount. The majority claim is contrasted by a survey that indicates peopleRead MoreDevelopment Of Aging Or Mid Life Crisis863 Words   |  4 Pages There will come a time when one has to come to terms of aging or mid-life crisis. According to Weaver (2009) the major psychological changes occur in childhood. The author also noted that Freud also mentioned that all stages of the psychosexual development are also completed in early childhood (pp.69). Freud and Freud also had differences when it referred to c oming of age (Weaver, 2009). Jung saw mid-life not as a crisis, but put the emphasis on growth and maturation (pp.70). Most of the clientsRead More Erik Eriksons Theories of Psychosocial Development Regarding Aging and Development673 Words   |  3 PagesErik Erikson’s theories of development are among some of the best-known theories regarding aging and developing. Erikson divided the stages of life into eight categories: trust vs. mistrust, autonomy vs. shame, initiative vs. guilt, industry vs. inferiority, identity vs. confusion, intimacy vs. isolation, generativity vs. stagnation, and integrity vs. despair. Each stage offers its unique age frame and focus. Trust vs. mistrust happens between birth and 18 months of age. During this time, babiesRead MoreA Study On Aging Associated Changes And Development Of Identified Neurons During Aging895 Words   |  4 Pagesin the intact abdominal ganglia and analysis of electrophysiological changes in identified neurons during aging. We recently described a ganglia preparation to carry out electrophysiological and molecular analysis of the same neurons in the abdominal ganglia. Using this methodology [31], we have carried out intracellular recordings from L7, L11 and R15 neurons (Fig 2). We then focused on aging associated changes in R15 and have analyzed membrane potentials and response to neurotransmitter AcetylcholineRead MoreSenior Program Development Specialist With The Oklahoma Healthy Aging Initiative800 Words   |  4 Pagesthe position of Senior Program Development Specialist with the Oklahoma Healthy Aging Initiative. My longtime friend, Madelyn Keck, learned of the position and suggeste d I apply. I am seeking both a change and a challenge and this opportunity provides both. My education, skill-set, and experience make me an excellent candidate for this vacancy. The following are examples of how my past accomplishments will allow me to meet the needs of the Oklahoma Health Aging Initiative. This position willRead MoreAttachment Theory and the Differences in the Development of Social Relationships in Aging Adults2176 Words   |  9 PagesHow the attachment theory accounts for differences in the development of social relationships in aging adults? Name Institution Date How the attachment theory accounts for differences in the development of social relationships in aging adults? The attachment theory is one of the common theories in the specification of child development and growth in the world. Indeed, several influencing factors are concerned with the generation and establishment of the relationship that exists between parents

Analysis Of The Book White Teeth - 973 Words

This paper is mostly going to focus on the two main couples that we follow throughout the book, White Teeth. The first couple, is Archie and Clara, the second couple is Samad and Alsana. Throughout the book we get flashbacks at the lives of the characters. There are four concepts I cover in this paper, how communication, race, ethnicity, and differences between couples effects their marriages. One of the first concepts I found from the textbook that was a large part of the plot line was the interracial and interethnic marriage. Interethnic marriage is where spouses have different cultural backgrounds. (Seccombe 2012). This concept can be difficult because if one spouse comes from a different culture, then they can have different ways of communication or ideas about raising children. The interracial marriage is where the spouses are of a different race. (Seccombe 2012). This interracial and interethnic marriage, has more to do with Archie and Clara than Samad and Alsana. Archie and C lara are both interracial and interethnic: Clara has a Jamaican dialect while Archie, who is English, has a British dialect. You can tell the difference between their ethnicity in the book by the way they talk, especially Clara. Clara talks with her missing teeth and with a Jamaican accent by pronouncing the word tooth as toof, or instead of saying ‘the’ she will pronounce it ‘da. When Archie gets upset or surprised in the book he will say things like bloody hell, a colloquialShow MoreRelatedA World Of True Blood And Twilight1349 Words   |  6 Pagesscene shows Stoker’s choice to over sexualize the novel. Stoker wrote, The Thing in the coffin writhed; and a hideous, blood-curdling screech came from the opened red lips. The body shook and quivered and twisted in wild contortions; the sharp white teeth clamped together till the lips were cut and the mouth was smeared with crimson foam. Stoker uses this scene to convey his overall theme of sexuality within his vampires. Here he depicts the men standing over Lucy, as a vampire, and driving a stakeRead MoreThe Age Of Innocence By Edith Wharton And The Waste Land1398 Words   |  6 Pagespersonifies one side of the juxtaposition that women should be in according to societies constraints. Newland, May’s fiancà ©, thinks that May is an innocent woman. He [Newland] shivered a little, remembering some of the new ideas in his scientific books, and the much-cited instance of the Kentucky cave-fish, which had ceased to develop eyes because they had no use for them. What if, when he had bidden May Welland to open hers, they could only look out blankly at blankness? (70). In the quote, NewlandRead MoreAnalysis of the Creation Scene from Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and Kenneth Branagh’s 1994 Film Version912 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of the Creation Scene from Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and Kenneth Branagh’s 1994 Film Version One of the key themes in Mary Shelley’s ‘Frankenstein’ is human arrogance. Frankenstein’s curiosity leads him to play the role of God. In a way Frankenstein is responsible for the monster and has ultimately become a father figure to the monster. Frankenstein abandoning the monster leads up to it turning evil and looking for revenge. Therefore, parenting is another themeRead MoreAnalysis and Evaluation of the Types of Emotion Essay1347 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis and evaluation of the Types of Emotion from the scientific/empirical and Islamic perspectives. The paper presumes that the readers are familiar with the content of the topic in question based on the introductory Psychology textbook by Ciccarelli and White (2010). Therefore, this paper will focus more the analysis and evaluation, rather than the description and details of the topic. Types of Emotion An emotion is experienced as a feelingRead MoreBram Stoker’s Dracula1087 Words   |  5 PagesIn the 19th century, this basis of scary and thriller books started to emerge. This essay will be about who Dracula enticed women, how his detainer was unsettling and demonic. How the era in which the novel was written plays a part in the ideas of Dracula and how behaves; with such things as women, food, and Harker. The Victorian era definitely influenced the writing of the time through reflections of exploitation of women and a certain darkness in ones self, also explains of mystery and suspenseRead MoreHonors Literary Analysis : The Time Periods, Geographical Location, Historical / Social Context )1195 Words   |  5 PagesHonors Literary Analysis January 21, 2015 Name: ____Tucker Mason_______ Title: ___________Go set a watchman_____________ Author: __Harper Lee____________ Genre: __Fiction_______ Setting (ANALYZE the time period, geographical location, historical/social context) The setting can best be describe has a quiet rural town in alabama during the 1950s. From the time period we can tell there are still racial tensions. We learn that almost all the people in maycomb county are part of the KKK. CharacterRead MoreThe Journey Of Reconciliation And The Freedom Rides1178 Words   |  5 PagesIn the books, A Nation Forged in War: How World War II Taught Americans to Get Along by Thomas Bruscino and Freedom’s Main Line: The Journey of Reconciliation and the Freedom Rides by Derek Charles Catsam, both focus on the subject of racism, religious tolerance, and segregation. Although both books deal with the same topic the authors have different opinions toward what was the cause of the beginning of bringing these matters to an end. These are a few of the reasons the authors give for their opinionsRead MorePsychological Analysis of Peter Walsh – Mrs.Dalloway Essay685 Words   |  3 PagesPsychological Analysis – Peter Walsh p. 154-158 Right before the beginning of this passage in Virginia Woolf’s Mrs.Dalloway on pages 154-158 we experience Peter returning home to his hotel room while day dreaming about his recent run in with Clarissa and about their long rocky past together. While on his walk to the hotel, he was a witness to the aftermath of Septimus’s suicide and as the sound of the ambulance sirens ring through his head (Woolf, 151). Peter does not know who is riding in theRead MoreKilling The Black Body By Dorothy Roberts1347 Words   |  6 PagesAmilet Armenta-Ruiz SOC 423X Book Analysis Paper April 13, 2016 In Killing the Black Body, Dorothy Roberts describes the history of African-American women and the dehumanizing attempts to control their reproductive lives. Beginning with slavery, to the early beginning of birth control policy, to the sterilization abuse of Black women during the 1960s and 1970s, continuing with the current campaign to inject Norplant and Depo-Provera along with welfare mothers, Roberts argues that the systematicRead MoreCulture And Consumption : New Approaches917 Words   |  4 PagesIn a 1990 book review, he praises Grant McCracken’s book, Culture and Consumption: New Approaches to the Symbolic Character of Consumer Goods and Activities, for how it stresses the importance of material good studies on their symbolic representation of social relations (Shackel, 1990, pg. 80). I emphasize this review because he repeats these sentiments in his works surrounding Annapolis in the early 1990’s and onward in relation to consumer goods. For example, in his 1 993 book Personal Discipline

Discussion of Former Child Soldiers with Ptsd and the Available Treatments Free Essays

In his magazine article describing the obscene violence that is currently going on in Uganda, Christopher Hitchenssits down with a boy named James at a rehab center. James was fortunate enough to escape being a slave to Kony, when he was marched all the way to Sudan, where an ambush ensued and James got away. Marching long distances was an initiation technique used by the Lord’s Resistance Army in order to herd out the weaker boys. We will write a custom essay sample on Discussion of Former Child Soldiers with Ptsd and the Available Treatments or any similar topic only for you Order Now If a boy was too tired to go on, the other slaves were forced to brutally beat him to death. Before the march, James was savagely flogged with a wire lash and spared from having to kill his own family which is a frequent method of registration practised by the Lord’sResistance Army. No doubt, these experiences would have a negative developmental affect on any child, perhaps developing PTSD. Hitchens writes that when he was speaking to James, the boy would sit perfectly still in his chair, stoic, but when it came time for James to share his story, he began twisting in his chair. Along with rubbing his eyes and making waving gestures with his arms, these restless and jumpy behaviours are common symptoms of PTSD. What is the impact on a child who was forced to kill someone? Are the outcomes of this experience just as severe as witnessing a murder or being raped? Future research must dissect these varying forms of war trauma and compare the severity of a specificexperience to the negative developmental outcomes. Though the analyses of the data collected from these smalls groups seems exhausting, it is vital in order to better understand the individual. Slowly but surely, the research gathered surrounding specific traumatic experiences, will uncover more sophisticated strategies in the rehabilitation of former child soldiers. Participants were taught to verbalize the traumatic Overwhelming Events and that these events and the accompanying emotions might no longer be processed on a conscious level and could produce psychological disequilibrium. They were then taught that these traumatic events and emotions are often encapsulated in their subconscious memory as a coping device and that encapsulating the events and emotions can cause physical symptoms – Somatisation. Participants learned to recognize the psychological and physical bondage of these traumatic events and to acknowledge that these were beyond their control. This was followed by selecting a Companion to Release the encapsulated events to and leads to greater freedom from the emotional bondage. Recognizing their own Resilience as based on their individual strengths leads to the emergence of a New-Self, which leads to Rebuilding their social structure. A final Commencement celebration serves to integrate the learning as well as to initiate a bridge between the former child soldiers and their community. The vulnerability of a child who has just witnessed the destruction of their village and possibly the murder of their family, allows warlords to brainwash them and force them to perform sinister acts of violence. While being enslaved, a child’s once innocent mind is often flooded with warped views by their captor, and turned into an irrational killing machine. The effects of this are devastating on several levels; psychological, emotional, social and physical. As the previously discussed studies prove, it is crucial for research to continue surrounding the mental health outcomes of child soldiers in any war torn country. References Bayer, C. P. , Klasen, F. , Adam, H. (2007). Association of Trauma and PTSD Symptoms WithOpenness to Reconciliation and Feelings of Revenge Among Former Ugandan and Congolese Child Soldiers. JAMA, 298(5), 555 – 559. Hitchens, C. (2006). Childhood’s End. Vanity Fair, Jan 2006, 58 – 64. Onyut, L. P. , Neuner, F. , Schauer, E. , Ertl, V, Odenwald, Shauer, M. , Elbert, T. (2005). Narrative Exposure Therapy as a treatment for child war survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder: Two case reports and a pilot study in an African refugee settlement. BMC Psychiatry, 5:7 How to cite Discussion of Former Child Soldiers with Ptsd and the Available Treatments, Papers

Qantas Airlines Contemporary Issues

Introduction As suggested by Teeple, 2000 globalization is thought of as various mechanisms or processes that aim at creating and consolidating a unified world in terms of economy and culture characterized by a complex link of information sharing that is world wide.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Qantas Airlines Contemporary Issues specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More With this concept, the world has experienced free movement of people, goods and services and capital between and among countries made possible by the advent in technology information. As a result the world has no doubt turned into a global village fashioned by interconnectedness and interdependence. It is evident that through globalization cultures are being exported throughout the world as various societies are compelled to evolve and co-exist with the changes brought about by globalization. It is worth remembering that globalization has impact not o nly in terms of economy but culture, politics as well as environmentally. All these have brought about contemporary issues when doing business in the international arena. Having in mind that businesses need to stay competitive, there is thus need to adequately and timely address the emerging contemporary issues (Swanson, 1993). For the sake of this assignment, Qantas airlines will be used in providing insights on issues facing airline industries when doing business beyond borders. The airline was founded back in 1920 and is the flag carrier of Australia. The airline is Sydney where it has its main hub. The airline has been deemed to be a four star airline according to Skytrax. Globally, it has been voted to be the 7th best airline although this is a drop from previous years. It also trades in the Australian stock exchange markets. Being the second oldest airline in the world, it started going international back in 1935. Currently, the airline operates both domestic as well as intern ational flights. Among the international destination include; Africa (South Africa), East Asia (China and Japan), south Asia (India), southeast Asia (Indonesia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand), Europe (Germany and UK), North America (U.S), South America (Argentina). Domestic destinations include Queensland, northern territory, and New South Wales among others.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This thus shows clearly that the airline operates internally since its flights are destined to all continents. The essay will thus elucidate on the major contemporary issues facing the airlines, the available alternatives and finally one best alternative is selected for recommendation (Chesterton Markson, 2008). Key contemporary issues facing Qantas airlines One major issue facing the airline is with regards to safety and security. Considering the happenings of September 2001 in U nited States of Americas and in the recent past where individuals have been intercepted carrying detonators and bombs, there customers have raised concern and are scared on who to trust when travelling to other countries. With such a case customers have already shifted to other airlines that have been deemed to be more secure inn terms of screening. It is worth noting that all these issues concerning terrorism have been heightened by technological advancement. Terrorists need not to travel to be given instructions on how to execute the evil act; this can be comfortably accomplished through various means such as e-mails despite the geographical distance. Additionally, it is worth to note that the recent happenings especially in Middle East countries and some countries in Africa particularly Egypt, Libya and Tunisia have threatened the airline business expansion strategy. The political instability which has seen to it that the various infrastructures and security issues have been nega tively affected jeopardizes the airlines plans of expanding its business. According to Joshi, 2009 stiff competition in the airline industry is another contemporary issue facing Qantas airlines. It is worth noting that while carrying out international business; it finds itself fighting with other giant companies such as British Airways, Virgin Atlantic which is new in business among others. It has been shown that when a firm does not have a sound plan on how to tackle competition, it can easily find it self in trouble and even close its business operations.  Just like any other organization whether for profit or non profit ethical issues when failed to be adequately addressed or prevented from happening can negatively impact on an organization. Although the airline has not yet been reported to have violated the rules of business to gain enormous profits at the expense of the relevant stakeholders, there is need to have plans in place to ensure this does not happen. Similarly, the world has come to realize that to save the environment; individuals to corporate have been called upon to cut down on their carbon footprints.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Qantas Airlines Contemporary Issues specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is one area that the airline has found it rough (Daniels et al., 2007). Cutting down on carbon footprint will enhance a cleaner environment.  Having in mind that the only constant is change, the recent technological advancement is one issue that has proved to be a challenge to each and every organization Qantas airlines not being an exception. A number of organizations that have mastered how to manage technological adoption have used the same as a competitive advantage. The airline in the wake of early 2000 was lagging behind in adopting technology (Chesterton Markson, 2008). However, when it did, the strategy was not well crafted to be successfully utilized in ma rketing, training workers as well as attaining the demands of customers. Another serious contemporary issue that was and still proves to be a challenge to the airline is with regards to customers issues. It has been noted that the firm has lost control over the customers. This has been attributed to technological advancement and competition. Additionally, there is need to note the demographic changes in the customers that need the airlines services (Chesterton Markson, 2008). The younger generation needs latest entertainment equipment among other sophisticated things. On the same note due to technology and better education the expectations of customers have tremendously change as majority demand for high quality and sophisticated services. Operating cost creep and financial crisis not only have a domestic impact but also a global impact. Interestingly, when there is a financial crisis for instance the one that happened between 2008 and 2010, majority of the potential travelers opte d to tighten the zips of their wallet and only spend their money on necessary goods and services. At such times the currency tremendously loss value (Kaplan, 2005). For that matter the industry failed to enjoy enormous revenues and profits forcing it to lay off some employees. On the same note, uncontrollable costs such as government taxes and tariffs, insurance as well as utilities have tremendously risen. This coupled with the unpredictable jet fuel prices has negatively impacted on the airlines business.  Additionally, there are a number of global uncertainties apart from terrorism. For instance diseases outbreaks such as SARS have negatively impacted to the industry.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is worth mention also that bird flu also brought a considerable loss tot eh firm. Although no one has control over natural disasters, the volcanic eruption in Europe as well as bad whether in countries of destination brushes the industry the wrong way (Joshi, 2009). Alternative actions According to Daniel, et al, 2007 there are several options that the firm can take to address the raised issue before things go beyond hand. In business, one option is to do nothing and leave nature takes its course. Secondly adopting a culture of a learning organization has been brought forth by numerous scholars to be another alternative that can be adopted in solving a myriad of issues facing an organization. Thirdly, it will also be rational if the airline sought to form alliances with other similar organization. This can be done by forming partnerships, merging as well as acquiring other firms. Similarly reengineering and restructuring will call for the organization to fully change everything w ith regards to how it does business. To successfully tackle the issue of competition, the airline can resort to gain competitive advantage through offering customers high quality in-service, improved security and safety measures among others. The service can include comfortable seats that are well spaced, sophisticated entertainment services similarly the variety of food served need to be further expanded to include endless list of bites drinks and other foodstuffs (Kaplan, 2005). Alternatively, the airline can actively engage in adopting a promotional strategy that will help show case Australia. This will help enhance international tourism hence increasing customers or passengers’ numbers. To meet the demand of increased number of passengers, it might be rational for the firm to increase the number of flights. Lastly and more importantly, I propose that the firm need to come up with policies and code of conducts that will be inline with the host country to help curb ethical issues (Chesterton Markson, 2008). Evaluation of the alternatives All the proposed alternatives have their stronger and weaker sides. Not doing anything is a reactive strategy that will make the firm loss the trust of all its stakeholders starting from passengers. The only advantage with this alternative is that it requires no financial budget, however if the worse happens then the whole organization will be brought to its knees. Adopting culture of an organizational learning has numerous advantages but one major one is that it will make the organization be an environment where its workforce are open minded and willing to adopt change (Travis, 2007). The major problem with the strategy is that it will take time and resources for it to be realized. Reengineering and restructuring will mean that the company changes almost everything ranging from its vision and mission statement. The new picture created may be appealing to some of the existing customers as well as new ones. However, t he alternative calls for allocation of huge resources and might results to losing loyal customers. Merging, alliances as well as acquisition helps organization pull together resources hence have a sound when it comes to negotiating for a number of issues in business. It also helps cut down running costs there by increasing profit margin (Laurie, 2001). However there are higher chances of conflict of interest when organizations merge or form a partnership. Offering of high quality in-service will definitely attract customers but only for a short term. On the other hand, the venture is too expensive and it can be easily copied by the competitors eventually making the whole initiative obsolete. Developing policies and code of conducts that are in line with the laws and regulations of host country will help in upholding higher standards of ethics. Nonetheless, this limits individuals not to think outside the box hens inhibiting innovation and creativity (Travis, 2007). Conclusion and Re commendations From the analysis of the proposed alternative, I suggest the airlines adopt the one with regards to a learning organization. It is worth mentioning that a learning organization has a number of benefits. For instance it will help the airline maintain higher levels of innovation and creativity hence being competitive. Similarly, a learning organization will better place Qantas airlines in responding to external factors hence maintaining competitive advantage (Senge et. al. 1994). Similarly, learning organization when it comes to the issue pertaining to changes, the firm will be at an advantage as it can adopt change quickly and successfully. In situations where the relationship between the organization and their relevant stakeholders are analyzed, a learning organization through the five characteristics of a learning organization (team learning, system thinking, mental models, and personal mastery and shared vision) makes it to be people-centered firm. This brings with i t a number of advantages such as improved corporate image. References Backman, M. Charlotte B. 2003. Big in Asia: 25 strategies for business success. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan Chesterton, A. Markson, S. (2008). â€Å"Qantas QF30 drama potentially threatens jumbos’ future†. The Sunday Telegraph. July 27 2008. Daniels, J., Radebaugh, L., Sullivan, D. 2007. International business: Environment and operations. New York: Prentice Hall. Joshi, R. 2009. International business. Oxford University: Oxford University Press. Kaplan, S. 2005. Bag the elephant: How to win keep big customers. New York: Wiley Sons. Laurie, D. 2001. From battlefield to boardroom: winning management strategies for today’s global Business. New York: Palgrave. Senge, P. et. Al.1994. The fifth discipline fieldbook: Strategies and tools for building a learning organization. London: Sage. Swanson, C. 1993. The dilemma of globalization: emerging strategic concerns in international business. Gr eenwich, Conn.: JAI Press. Teeple, A. 2000. â€Å"What is globalization?† In McBride, S. Globalization and its discontent. London: Macmillan. Travis, T. 2007. Doing business anywhere: The essential guide to going global. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons. This report on Qantas Airlines Contemporary Issues was written and submitted by user Abr1l to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Timeline and History of Chocolate and the Cocoa Bean

Timeline and History of Chocolate and the Cocoa Bean Chocolate has a long and fascinating past, as delicious as its taste. Heres a timeline of notable dates in its history! 1500 BC-400 BC: The Olmec Indians are believed to be the first to grow cocoa beans as a domestic crop.250 to 900 CE: The consumption of cocoa beans was restricted to the Mayan societys elite, in the form of an unsweetened cocoa drink made from the ground beans.AD 600: Mayans migrate into northern regions of South America establishing earliest known cocoa plantations in the Yucatan.14th Century: The drink became popular among the Aztec upper classes who usurped the cocoa beverage from the Mayans and were the first to tax the beans. The Aztecs called it xocalatl meaning warm or bitter liquid.1502: Columbus encountered a great Mayan trading canoe in Guanaja carrying cocoa beans as cargo.1519: Spanish explorer Hernando Cortez recorded the cocoa usage in the court of Emperor Montezuma.1544: Dominican friars took a delegation of Kekchi Mayan nobles to visit Prince Philip of Spain. The Mayans brought gift jars of beaten cocoa, mixed and ready to drink. Spain and Portugal did not export the beloved drink to the rest of Europe for nearly a century. 16th Century Europe: The Spanish began to add cane sugar and flavorings such as vanilla to their sweet cocoa beverages.1570: Cocoa gained popularity as a medicine and aphrodisiac.1585: First official shipments of cocoa beans began arriving in Seville from Vera Cruz, Mexico.1657: The first chocolate house was opened in London by a Frenchman. The shop was called The Coffee Mill and Tobacco Roll. Costing 10 to 15 shillings per pound, chocolate was considered a beverage for the elite class.1674: Eating solid chocolate was introduced in the form of chocolate rolls and cakes served in chocolate emporiums.1730: Cocoa beans had dropped in price from $3 per pound to a price within the financial reach of those other than the very wealthy.1732: French inventor, Monsieur Dubuisson invented a table mill for grinding cocoa beans.1753: Swedish naturalist, Carolus Linnaeus was dissatisfied with the word cocoa, so renamed it theobroma, Greek for food of the gods.1765: Chocolate was introduced to the United States when Irish chocolate-maker John Hanan imported cocoa beans from the West Indies into Dorchester, Massachusetts, to refine them with the help of American Dr. James Baker. The pair soon after built Americas first chocolate mill and by 1780, the mill was making the famous BAKERS  ® chocolate. 1795: Dr. Joseph Fry of Bristol, England, employed a steam engine for grinding cocoa beans, an invention that led to the manufacture of chocolate on a large factory scale.1800: Antoine Brutus Menier built the first industrial manufacturing facility for chocolate.1819: The pioneer of Swiss chocolate-making, Franà §ois Louis Callier, opened the first Swiss chocolate factory.1828: The invention of the cocoa press, by Conrad Van Houten, helped cut prices and improve the quality of chocolate by squeezing out some of the cocoa butter and giving the beverage a smoother consistency. Conrad Van Houten patented his invention in Amsterdam and his alkalizing process became known as Dutching. Several years earlier, Van Houten was the first to add alkaline salts to powdered cocoa to make it mix better with water.1830: A form of solid eating chocolate was developed by Joseph Fry Sons, a British chocolate maker.1847: Joseph Fry Son discovered a way to mix some of the cocoa butter back into the Du tched chocolate, and added sugar, creating a paste that could be molded. The result was the first modern chocolate bar. 1849: Joseph Fry Son and Cadbury Brothers displayed chocolates for eating at an exhibition in Bingley Hall, Birmingham, England.1851: Prince Alberts Exposition in London was the first time that Americans were introduced to bonbons, chocolate creams, hand candies (called boiled sweets), and caramels.1861: Richard Cadbury created the first known heart-shaped candy box for Valentines Day.1868: John Cadbury mass-marketed the first boxes of chocolate candies.1876: Daniel Peter of Vevey, Switzerland, experimented for eight years before finally inventing a means of making milk chocolate for eating.1879: Daniel Peter and Henri Nestlà © joined together to form the Nestlà © Company.1879: Rodolphe Lindt of Berne, Switzerland, produced smoother and creamier chocolate that melted on the tongue. He invented the conching machine. To conch meant to heat and roll chocolate in order to refine it. After chocolate had been conched for seventy-two hours and had more cocoa butter added to it, it was po ssible to create chocolate fondant and other creamy forms of chocolate. 1897: The first known published recipe for chocolate brownies appeared in the Sears and Roebuck Catalogue.1910: Canadian, Arthur Ganong marketed the first nickel chocolate bar. William Cadbury urged several English and American companies to join him in refusing to buy cacao beans from plantations with poor labor conditions.1913: Swiss confectioner  Jules Sechaud of Montreux introduced a machine process for manufacturing filled chocolates.1926: Belgian chocolatier, Joseph Draps starts the Godiva Company to compete with Hersheys and Nestles American market. Special thanks go to John Bozaan for the additional research.

Osama Bin Laden Al Qaeda Leader Profile

Osama Bin Laden Al Qaeda Leader Profile While known as  Osama bin Laden, also spelled Usama bin Ladin, his full name was Osama bin Muhammad bin Awad bin Laden. (bin means son in Arabic, so his name also tells his genealogy. Osama was the son of Muhammad, who was the son of Awad, and so forth). Family Background Bin Laden was born in 1957 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabias capitol. He was the 17th of over 50 children born to his Yemeni father, Muhammad, a self-created billionaire whose fortune came from building contracting. He died in a helicopter accident when Osama was 11 years old. Osamas Syrian born mother, born Alia Ghanem, married Muhammad when she was twenty-two. She remarried following divorce from Muhammad, and Osama grew up with his mother and stepfather, and their three other children. Childhood Bin Laden was schooled in the Saudi port city, Jedda. His familys wealth gave him access to the elite Al Thagher Model School, which he attended from 1968-1976. The school combined British style secular education with daily Islamic worship. Bin Ladens introduction to Islam as the basis for political, and potentially violent- activism, was through informal sessions run by the Al Thaghers teachers, as New Yorker writer Steve Coll has reported. Early Adulthood In the mid-1970s, bin Laden was married to his first cousin (a normal convention among traditional Muslims), a Syrian woman from his mothers family. He later married three other women, as permitted by Islamic law. It has been reported that he has from 12-24 children. He attended King Abd Al Aziz University, where he studied civil engineering, business administration, economics and public administration. He is remembered as enthusiastic about religious debates and activities while there. Key Influences Bin Ladens first influences were the Al Thagher teachers who offered extra-curricular Islam lessons. They were members of the Muslim Brotherhood, an Islamist political group begun in Egypt which, at that time, promoted violent means to achieve Islamic governance. Another key influence was Abdullah Azzam, a Palestinian-born professor at King Abd Al Aziz University, and a founder of Hamas, the Palestinian militant group. After the 1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, Azzam solicited bin Laden to raise money and recruit Arabs to help the Muslims repel the Soviets, and he played an instrumental role in the early establishment of al-Qaeda. Later, Ayman Al Zawahiri, the leader of Islamic Jihad in the 1980s, would play a significant part in the development of bin Ladens organization, Al Qaeda. Organizational Affiliations In the early 1980s, bin Laden worked with the mujahideen, guerrillas fighting a self-proclaimed holy war to oust the Soviets from Afghanistan. From 1986-1988, he himself fought. In 1988, bin Laden formed Al Qaeda (the Base), a militant transnational network whose original backbone was Arab Mujahideen who fought the Soviets in Afghanistan. Ten years later, bin Laden forged the Islamic Front for Jihad against the Jews and Crusaders, a coalition of terrorist groups intending to wage war against Americans and battle their Middle Eastern military presence. Objectives Bin Laden expressed his ideological goals in both action and words, with his periodically videotaped public statements. After founding Al Qaeda, his objectives were the related goals of eliminating the Western presence in the Islamic/Arab Middle East, which includes battling American ally, Israel, and overthrowing local allies of the Americans (such as the Saudis), and establishing Islamic regimes. In-Depth Sources Osama bin Laden in Historical Context,an article by your guide.An article about the bin Laden family from PBS/FrontlineTranscript of a 1998 interview by then ABC reporter John MillerReporter Robert Fisks account of his interview with bin Laden in Sudan, in 1996.

Role of ECOWAS union in the socio-economic development of West Africa Essay

Role of ECOWAS union in the socio-economic development of West Africa - Essay Example f the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has helped or hindered the economic progress of the countries in West Africa, with particular focus on the socio-economic conditions of the populations in those countries. In West Africa, ECOWAS has the following member countries: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Cote d’Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo. This structure was set up to promote â€Å"cooperation and integration† leading to an economic union in West Africa â€Å"in order to raise the living standards of its peoples† (ECOWAS website, 2011). A Pan-African slant is also evident in that the intention to promote progress and development on the whole continent is explicitly stated. For a common market to occur; regional economic reform would have to take place; integration particularly in food, agriculture and natural resources was seen as vital. Furthermore the establishment of a common market through liberalization of trade among West African States was envisioned. An important aspect of the ECOWAS initiative is also to ensure a common external tariff and trade policy with regard to third countries, outside this initiative. Additionally, a stated intention in the ECOWAS revised treaty is to promote â€Å"balanced development† and a focus on the â€Å"special problems of each Member State particularly those of land-locked and small island Member States† (ECOWAS website, 2011).Thus the intention is to improve standards of living, improve Gross Domestic Product (GDP), improve Per-Capita Income (PCI) and generally improve West Africa’s trading position in a global economy for the citizens of this entire region (ECOWAS website, 2011). This has not happened. The elites – both within... This essay presents a modern thorough analysis of the state of economies of West Africa countries, that participate in the ECOWAS union, their political stances, and their trade policies. The world economy and West Africa’s part in it will be examined in this paper. In West Africa, ECOWAS has the following member countries: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Cà ´te d’Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo. This structure was set up to promote cooperation and integration leading to an economic union in West Africa . A Pan-African slant is also evident in that the intention to promote progress and development on the whole continent is stated. The establishment of a common market through liberalization of trade among West African States was envisioned. An important aspect of the ECOWAS initiative is also to ensure a common external tariff and trade policy with regard to third countries, outside this initiative Economic and political power on a global stage continues to be centered in Europe and North America. There has been no real change in the international economic power relations after the Colonial Era, despite the growth of Asian economies. The relationship between West Africa and the central economic powers is highly influenced by history, and also by current political conditions in the countries of the region. Despite free trade agreements between the countries of West Africa, prosperity is not immediately, or perhaps even in the long term achievable.

Geography writing assignment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Geography writing assignment - Research Paper Example Series of Quakes Rattles South West China, Killing at least 64† (McDonald) examined multiple occurrences of quakes and aftershocks within a 5.6 magnitude strength causing more damage to property, displacing 100,000 people and killing at least 64 civilians. In the month before that, the Reuters news agency reported â€Å"Two Earthquakes in Iran Kill 300 and injure 5,000† near the towns of Ahar, Varzaghan and Harees. (Torbati) Earthquakes are naturally occurring phenomena that are beyond human control. People can however initiate early warning systems to help them escape the rather deadly effects of the earthquakes. Faulting and earthquake effects that must be taken into consideration during planning and in design for the restitution of the coastal lands around the world are always overlooked. This should always include the construction as well as the maintenance of the coastal infrastructure. The continued shifting and adjustment of the plates has a dramatic effect on the landscape. These range from the development of large depressions on the surface caused by the subsidence and tilting of the land surfaces due to down throwing of adjacent fault blocks. The effects of all these are experienced both in the human-economic spheres as well as on the physical landscape. The huge geographical components of the Asian-Pacific region has worst cases of natural hazards occasioned by frequent earthquakes, eruptions, and yearly monsoons due to its relative position on the ‘Pacific ring of fire.’ Moreover, the region harbors the highest number of mega-cities with more than over 8million populace exposed to the effects of natural hazards. Foregoing research further suggests that developing countries are highly exposed to risks of natural disasters as opposed to developed nations. At the same time, the high number of natural disasters experienced along the Asian-Pacific region is largely attributed to urbanization, increased population pressure on natural resources and the

Market Failures and the White River National Forest :: Economics Environment Research

Market Failures and the White River National Forest The two and one quarter acre White River National Forest is located in the heart of the Colorado Rocky Mountains, approximately two to four hours west of Denver on I-70. The scenic beauty of the area, along with ample developed and undeveloped recreation opportunities in the forest, accounts for the fact that the White River consistently ranks as one of the top Forests nation wide for total recreation use. The Forest provides for an excellent variety of recreation opportunities in all seasons with eleven ski areas, eight designated wildernesses, several national trails, approximately 70 forest service administered developed sites (campgrounds, picnic grounds), and over one and one half million acres for general motorized and non-motorized backcountry enjoyment. Popular recreation activities in the Forest include downhill and cross-country skiing, developed and dispersed camping, four-wheel driving, sightseeing, photography, hunting, fishing, hiking, boating, snowmobiling, picnicking, bicycling, horseback riding and backpacking. The elevation of the Forest ranges from 5,000 to 14,000 feet. Warm days and cool to freezing nights can be expected in the mountains during the summer. July and August are usually the warmest months, and afternoon thunderstorms are common. Fall in the Forest is brief but spectacular, as changing aspens cloak the mountains in gold. Peak color time is normally the last part of September. Crisp, sunny days mingle with early snowstorms in what many consider the premier season of the year. Winter brings the abundant powder snowfall that Colorado is famous for. Most winter recreation, including skiing and snowmobiling, occurs between Thanksgiving and Easter, but high elevation sites offer good snow much later into the spring. The park itself is obviously a source of great enjoyment to all and offers a plethora of opportunities for recreation. Unfortunately though, the park, as well as the surrounding environment, has become the victim of an increased population in the area, a growth in the number of annual tourists to the region, and an economic expansion which has utilized natural resources found within the park boundaries for the purpose of producing goods and services. Because White River National Forest is a national treasure, measures have been introduced to protect the environment in accordance with pollution limits, resource consumption, and economic efficiency. In the past few decades, forestry officials have implemented strategic plans for the preservation of the wilderness and resources with White River and update those plans every fifteen years or so.

How Does a Family Work as a System in Promoting Health to Its Memebers

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Maslow’s theory is grounded on satisfying needs in order of: 1) physiological needs (lunch breaks, wages, etc), 2) safety needs (medical insurance, job security, etc), 3) social needs (sense of community, social events, etc), 4) esteem needs (recognize achievement, show appreciation, etc), and 5) self actualization (provide challenges, opportunity to reach potential, etc). According to Maslow, a person starts with meeting physiological needs and must work up to self-actualization. An important limitation to note is that â€Å"there is evidence that contradicts the order of needs specified by the model. Furthermore, â€Å"some cultures appear to place social needs before any others† (Netmba 3). The most important implication for management in Maslow’s theory is the manager’s ability to recognize the needs level at which the employee is operating in order to motivate. For example, if a group or individual is operating on t he basic needs of physiological and safety, a good levering tool for motivation would be to offer an office party once a goal is met. Theories 3 Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory is a â€Å"content theory† similar to Maslow’s Hierarchy Theory. Herzberg suggested a two-step approach to understanding employee motivation and satisfaction including hygiene factors and motivator factors. Hygiene factors ensure that an employee does not become dissatisfied. These include, but are not limited to, wages and salaries, policy and administration, quality of supervision and inter-personal relations, working conditions, and job security. â€Å"Meeting hygiene factors does not lead to high levels of motivation† (Value Based Management 1). Motivation factors lead to psychological growth and job satisfaction. These include, but are not limited to, status, advancement opportunity, gaining recognition, responsibility, stimulating work, and the sense of personal growth and achievement in a job. Motivation factors must be present to motivate an employee into higher performance. Management should â€Å"focus on rearranging work so that motivator factors can take effect† (Cuthers, 2). He said this could be done through job enlargement, job rotation, and/or job enrichment. For example, in a low hygiene-high motivation situation, workers are challenged but salaries and work conditions are not up to standards. By adding some hygiene factors, such as a slight increase in wages and a cleaner, safer working environment, management would be motivated and have fewer complaints. Theories 5 McClellan’s Need Theory David McClellan proposed that an individual’s needs are specific and acquired over time and life experience. Most of these needs can be classified as achievement, affiliation, or power. â€Å"A person’s motivation and effectiveness in certain job functions are influenced by these three needs† (Peace 2). People who measure a high need for achievement are less likely to take risks because they seek to excel. They prefer work with a fair probability of success and need regular feedback to monitor their progress. Affiliation seekers value pleasant relationships with others and have a high need for acceptance. They prefer jobs with a lot of personal interaction and tend to conform to their work group. Employees who have a high need for power fall into two categories – personal power seekers and institutional power seekers. Those who want personal power tend to direct others. Those who prefer institutional power â€Å"want to organize the efforts of others to further the goal of the organization† (Peace 3). McClelland’s theory allows for the shaping of a person’s needs and management should learn to recognize different profiles. For example, a person with a high need for personal power will probably fail in a position that is associated with a high need for affiliation. Theories 6 McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y Douglas McGregor proposed two theories founded on the premise that the â€Å"management’s role is to assemble the factors of production, including people, for the economic benefit of the firm† (Netmba 1). Both Theory X and Theory Y attempt to explain employee motivation. Theory X assumes that people work only for money and security. They dislike work, have no ambition, resist change, and do not care about organizational goals because they are self-centered. Management approaches under Theory X range from a hard approach (essentially an environment of command and control) to a soft approach (hoping that employees will cooperate). Both approaches, McGregor later reveals, are inappropriate because Theory X is incorrect because it relies on lower needs as levers of motivation. Theory Y is based on esteem and self-actualization. These higher-level needs are never fully met and are great tools for motivation. Under Theory Y, people are self-directed and committed to objectives, and they will seek responsibility through creativity and ingenuity. â€Å"Here lies the opportunity to align personal and organizational goals by using the employee’s own quest for fulfillment as the motivator† (Netmba 2). McGregor acknowledges that not all employees are mature enough to function at the Theory Y level and might need more elements of Theory X management until further developed. Theories 7 Expectancy Theory The Expectancy Theory by Vroom is a perception-based theory about the associations people make toward expected outcomes. In addition to the internal needs of employees and their efforts to fulfill them, Vroom classifies effort into three categories of effort (arising from motivation), performance, and outcomes that must all be linked. Within these categories are three variables: Valence, Expectancy, and Instrumentality. According to Arrod, expectancy is the belief that increased effort will lead to increased performance. In order to excel here, the employee must have the right resources, skills, and support. Instrumentality is the belief that if you perform well, a valued outcome will be received. This requires clear understanding between performance and outcome, trust in those who decide the outcome, and transparency of the process that decides who gets what outcome. Valence is the importance an individual places on the expected outcome. Vroom stresses that all three variables are essential for positive motivation. â€Å"The idea is that the individual then changes their level of effort according to the value they place on the outcomes they receive from the process and on their perception of the strength of the links between effort and outcome† (Arrod 2). Basically, an individual needs to know – 1) if I work harder, this will be better, 2) if I do a good job, there is something in it for me, and 3) Is it worth it. For example, offering benefits of additional time off to an individual may not be worthwhile if he was expecting an outcome of a bonus for his performance. Theories 8 Skinner’s Reinforcement Theory Reinforcement theory is grounded on the shaping of behavior through controlling consequences. Any behavior that brings about a consequence is termed an operant behavior. An operant behavior is learned through associated consequences that can include positive and negative reinforcement and punishment. In order to be effective, reinforcement needs to be continuous or intermittent. Positive reinforcement results in the repeating of a desired behavior. For instance, Sally works in collections for an auto-finance company. She is expected to make a minimum of 300 phone calls daily. The company provides incentive (a 5% commission) on every additional 25 phone calls per day where money is collected. This motivates her to make more productive use of her time by rewarding her on a continuous basis (every paycheck may include commission). Negative reinforcement results when an undesirable consequence is withheld, with the effect of strengthening the probability of the behavior being repeated. For example, John is working hard to increase sales in his territory of Highland Park, which is followed by a decision not to reassign him to an undesirable sales route of Oak Cliff. He is likely to continue exerting the efforts necessary to stay in the area in which he is most productive. Punishment, often confused with negative reinforcement, attempts to decrease the probability that a particular behavior will be learned and repeated (Barnett 2). It is a common reinforcement tool, but experts agree that it should only be used if positive and negative reinforcement are not effective. Theories 9 References Arrod. Co. UK. (2006). Expectancy Theory of Motivation. Retrieved 9/15/08 from http://www. arrod. co. uk/archive/concept_vroom. php Barnett, Tim. (2004). Reinforcement Theory. Retrieved 9/15/08 from http://www. referenceforbusiness. com/management Cuthers, Joshua. (2006). Motivation in Theory – Herzberg Two Factor Theory. Retrieved 9/15/08 from https://tutor2u. net/business/people/motivation_theory_herzberg. asp NetMBA. (2007). Theory X and Theory Y. Retrieved from http://www. netmba. com/mgmt/ob/motivation/mcgregor Peace, A. (2008). McClellan’s Theory of Needs. Retrieved from http://motivationcentre. blogspot. com Value Based Management. (2008). Motivation Factors. Retrieved 9/15/08 from http://www. valuebasedmanagement. net/methods back. Plagiarism Warning The essay examples on Anti Essays are for research purposes ONLY. Do NOT submit an essay example as your own. If you use any information from a sample essay, please cite it. MLA and APA citations can be found at the bottom of this free essay. Citations MLA Citation â€Å"Theories Of Management†. Anti Essays. 30 Nov. 2011 APA Citation Theories Of Management. Anti Essays. Retrieved November 30, 2011, from the World Wide Web: http://www. antiessays. com/free-essays/20897. html Related Essays Role Of Manager Creating Value Corperate†¦ Hrm Vs Personnel Management Theory Of Management Rights Frederick Taylor: Hero Or†¦ Fayol's Management Theory Organizational Behavior†¦ The Role Of a Manager Classical And Neo†¦

Heart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad - 1149 Words

In his provocative novella Heart of Darkness, author Joseph Conrad sheds light on the primal nature in all men, casting a shadow—a darkness that is the result of being freed of societies norms. An in-depth analysis of Joseph Conrad and the work shows how well he is able to combine story elements to make an engaging read. Conrad is able to do this through his characters, such as protagonist Marlow, whose experiences through his journey shows him vividly, the violence and brutality even the gentlest people are capable of. In addition to that, Marlow’s physical trip by boat through the Congo is parallel to both his and the reader’s knowledge of the books themes. Finally, Conrad’s story ends leaving the reader to interpret the true definition of this darkness mentioned in the title by comparing and contrasting the two settings and through certain dialogue by characters. Heart of Darkness is mix of characters, setting, imagery, and plot that carefully unravels the complexity of human behavior. In addition to this, the work also focuses on Africa—the unknown â€Å"Dark Continent† and how its exploration and colonization allowed it to be subjugated by â€Å"civilized† European countries, an idea which is deconstructed itself in the novella., Heart of Darkness has been both praised for its quality in writing and criticized for its overt racism that would be extremely offensive by today’s standards .Nonetheless, Heart of Darkness analyzes society itself by questioning theShow MoreRelatedHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad1471 Words   |  6 PagesIn the story Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad a sailor decides to travel to Africa on a whim, using family connections he enlists as the captain of a ship travelling up the Congo River. The novella provides many themes, however is the text in itself racist? One of the main concepts portrayed in Heart of Darkness is the treatment of the natives of Africa and their image. This is most commonly shown through the disparity of the image between what is said in the novel and what can be read throughRead MoreHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad Essay1371 Words   |  6 Pagesevery human and everything created by humans has two sides to it: the form and the substance. Joseph Conrad’s novella â€Å"Heart of Darkness† shows precisely how dangerous it is to put our trust in a concept, for example: colonization, without realizing that most of the time one only gets to see the form and not the substance. In this essay, my purpose is to demonstrate that â€Å"Heart of Darkness† by Joseph Conrad is mainly a novella about the discrepancy between substance and form. In order to prove my pointRead MoreHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad1378 Words   |  6 PagesWoytassek AP English 12 Heart of Darkness Reading Log Author: Joseph Conrad Title: Heart of Darkness Original Publication Date: 1899 Kind of Writing: Heart of Darkness is a colonial novella of an expository narrative. Writer’s Purpose and Intended Audience Joseph Conrad wrote Heart of Darkness because he wanted to expose human temptation to experiment with darkness when one’s own desires overcome one’s morals. By writing from his own experience of exploring the Congo, Conrad draws conclusions thatRead MoreThe Heart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad983 Words   |  4 PagesThe Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad is a story that takes place in the early 1890s and presents us with an odyssey of a traveler known as Marlow who confronts the dangers of the Congo jungle while also witnessing the wicked, inhumane treatment of the African natives. In the story, Marlow represents Joseph Conrad who had actually traveled up the Congo in 1890 and witnessed the European exploitation of the African natives firsthand. In the Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad exposes the inhumanityRead MoreHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad1350 Words   |  6 Pagesyears, Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad was a treasured classic, with many honourable themes and messages, as the author reveals the true nature of humanity by following an European sailor’s journey through the dark jungles of Africa and down the river Congo, all while watching as his own humanity changes. As society has evolved, however, Heart of Darkness has come under scrutiny, as the language is quite racist. Chinua Achebe, writer of An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrad’s Heart of DarknessRead MoreHeart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad1329 Words   |  5 Pages Heart of Darkness is a novel written by Joseph Conrad. The setting of the book is in Belgian Congo, which was the most infamous European colony in Africa. This is a story about the protagonist Marlow’s journey to self discovery, and his experiences in Congo. Conrad’s story explores the colonialism period in Africa to demonstrate Marlow’s struggles. Along the way, he faces insanity, death, his fear of failure, and cultural contamination as he makes his was to the inner station. Conrad through theRead MoreThe Heart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad968 Words   |  4 PagesJoseph Conrad’s novella The Heart of Darkness has been under controversy because of racial interpretations. The race factor in this novel has made some scholars and professors question the function the novella has in the classroom. However, Joseph Conrad had another view when writing the novel; to demonstrate how prejudice and dehumanizing the European culture is towards African Americans and their culture during this time period. European’s superior authority over African Americans is portrayedRead MoreHeart Of Darkness, By Joseph Conrad1306 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is the â€Å"horror† in Heart of Darkness, and what particular literary images develop that idea of horror in the novel? In Joseph Conrad’s, Heart of Darkness, there can be many literary images found within that develop the idea of horror. Heart of Darkness is noted for its horror within the Congo between the Africans and the Europeans. The horror in Heart of Darkness is a contribution of many ideas that are formed and contributed from the European colonists. The purpose of this essay aims to argueRead MoreHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad1076 Words   |  5 PagesWritten in the late 1800’s, Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness is a novella about one man’s travel into the Congo Free State by way of the Congo River. The title â€Å"Heart of Darkness† actually holds two different meanings. Heart of Darkness is both a metaphor for a psychological â€Å"dark side† of man, and an allusion to Africa. The title suggests both a physical and mental reference. During the time the novel takes place, Africa was nick-named the dark continent because of how little the Europeans knewRead MoreHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad Essay1483 Words   |  6 PagesJoseph Conrad, author of Heart of Darkness, intriguingly uses an unnamed narrator in his novel that clearly becomes of importance right away in the introduction. Conrad’s narrator chooses to speak of the historical period in which Roman colonization took over what we now know as Great Britain. By connecting a Roman colonization story to one almost 2000 years later talking about the Belgians in Africa, Conrad reveals one of his own themes in the novel. He proposes that the Romans and Belgians